Blog

Understanding Vehicle Title Types: What Every Salvage Professional Should Know

Written by Salvato Inc. | May 1, 2025 11:00:00 AM

Vehicle titles are critical documents in our industry, serving as the legal foundation for every transaction in the salvage market. 

While most experienced buyers are familiar with the basics, even veterans can benefit from a clear reference on the different classifications and their implications for your business operations.

 

Title Types in the Salvage Market

Standard/Clean Title

A standard title indicates a vehicle has no reported major damage history. These vehicles remain road-legal and can be driven immediately after purchase. While less common at salvage auctions, they occasionally appear and typically command premium prices.

Salvage Title

The most prevalent title type in our marketplace. When insurance companies determine repair costs exceed a certain threshold of the vehicle's value (typically 75%), they designate it as "salvage."

Important note: Vehicles with salvage titles cannot legally operate on public roads until properly rebuilt and inspected. These vehicles serve as excellent inventory for rebuilders and parts recyclers alike, depending on damage severity.

Salvage Titles with Additional Brands

Many salvage titles carry supplementary designations that provide crucial information about the specific damage type:

  • Flood: Indicates significant water exposure
  • Fire: Designates damage from fire or heat exposure

Non-Repairable/Junk Title

This classification indicates the vehicle has been deemed beyond repair for road use in the United States. Vehicles with non-repairable titles have only three potential paths:

  • Parts recovery
  • Metal recycling
  • Export (subject to destination country regulations)

This distinction is particularly important for rebuilders, as non-repairable vehicles have no legal pathway to road registration in the US market.

Cosmetic Losses

Unlike salvage titles, vehicles with only cosmetic damage like hail often receive a standard title with a special "hail damage" or similar designation. These vehicles:

  • Remain structurally and mechanically sound
  • Can typically be driven on public roads
  • Don't require the extensive rebuilding process of salvage vehicles

 

Paper and Digital Title Formats

The industry is witnessing a gradual transition from traditional paper titles to digital formats. Both serve as legally valid proof of ownership.

Paper Titles

The traditional format includes:

  • Owner information
  • Vehicle identification details
  • Applicable brands (salvage, flood, etc.)
  • Legal reassignment sections for ownership transfer

Digital Titles

As DMV systems modernize, digital titles are becoming increasingly common. These electronic records contain identical legal information as paper titles and are recognized by relevant authorities. 

Digital titles offer the same ownership verification while eliminating concerns about physical document storage and potential loss.

 

Strategic Considerations for Different Business Models

Different business operations may have specific title documentation needs:

For Parts Recyclers

Your primary concern is verifying legal ownership before dismantling. Both paper and digital titles provide this verification, allowing you to confidently inventory parts for resale.

For Vehicle Exporters

When shipping vehicles internationally, you need documentation that satisfies both US Customs requirements including a digital or paper title, as well as meets the destination country import regulations.

For Rebuilders

If your business model involves rehabilitating vehicles for eventual road use, you'll need ownership documentation that facilitates transfer to the vehicle's next owner. This requires:

  • Title ownership in your name
  • Documentation of the rebuilding process
  • Successful completion of state-required inspections

For rebuilders planning to sell post-restoration, having the title properly assigned to you simplifies the eventual resale process, whether through digital reassignment or traditional paper methods.

 

Title Verification Best Practices

Regardless of format, verifying title authenticity remains essential:

  1. VIN verification through the National Motor Vehicle Title Information System (NMVTIS)
  2. Examination of security features on paper documents
  3. Utilization of state verification portals for digital titles
  4. Vehicle history reports for additional confirmation

 

Conclusion

A thorough understanding of vehicle title types and their implications helps optimize your salvage business operations. At Salvato, we ensure all vehicles are properly titled with appropriate brands based on their condition, providing the transparency you need to make informed purchasing decisions.

Whether your focus is parts recovery, export, or rebuilding, clear title knowledge helps streamline your processes and maintain compliance while maximizing profitability.